The present paper attempts to evaluate the
transformation of economics since the mid-20th century in terms of
the conception of human and/or society. I argue that the recent developments in
economics have been driving and driven by two conceptions of humans/society.
One is the renewed naturalistic conception of humans, which is closely tied
with behavioral economics and neurosciences. The other is the conception of
humans as intrinsically institutional beings, mainly uncovered by one strand in
the economics of institution. Considering some current debates, I argue that the
former can be dangerous and that further development of the latter view is
necessary.
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